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String

Strings in Python are identified as a contiguous set of characters represented in the quotation marks. Python allows for either pairs of single or double quotes.

Subsets of strings can be taken using the slice operator ([ ] and [:] ) with indexes starting at 0 in the beginning of the string and working their way from -1 at the end.

str = 'hello world'
print(str)
print(str[0])
print(str[0:5])
print(str[6:])
print(str+'test')
print(str+'\ntest')
print(str*3)
print('word' in str)
print('world' in str)
hello world h hello world hello worldtest hello world test hello worldhello worldhello world False True 

print("hello {0} how are you {var1}".format("abc",var1=2))
print('a'+"b"+"""c""")
c="""multi
line"""
print(c)
d="second multi \
line"
print(d)
hello abc how are you 2 abc multi line second multi line 

v = "hello world"
print(v.capitalize())
print(v.count('o'))
print(v.endswith('ld'))
print(v.find('o'))
print(v.find('oo'))
print(v.index('o'))
#isalpha(),isdigit(),isnumeric(),islower(),isupper(),lower(),upper()
print(len(v))
print(v.strip())
print(v.strip('d'))
print(v.split())
print(v.split("o"))
Hello world 2 True 4 -1 4 11 hello world hello worl ['hello', 'world'] ['hell', ' w', 'rld']

String Functions

  • capitalize()
  • center(width, fillchar)
  • count(str, beg= 0,end=len(string))
  • decode(encoding='UTF-8',errors='strict')
  • encode(encoding='UTF-8',errors='strict')
  • endswith(suffix, beg=0, end=len(string))
  • expandtabs(tabsize=8)
  • find(str, beg=0 end=len(string))
  • index(str, beg=0, end=len(string))
  • isalnum()
  • isalpha()
  • isdigit()
  • islower()
  • isnumeric()
  • isspace()
  • istitle()
  • isupper()
  • join(seq)
  • len(string)
  • ljust(width[, fillchar])
  • lower()
  • lstrip()
  • maketrans()
  • max(str)
  • min(str)
  • replace(old, new [, max])
  • rfind(str, beg=0,end=len(string))
  • rindex( str, beg=0, end=len(string))
  • rjust(width,[, fillchar])
  • rstrip()
  • split(str="", num=string.count(str))
  • splitlines( num=string.count('\n'))
  • startswith(str, beg=0,end=len(string))
  • strip([chars])
  • swapcase()
  • title()
  • translate(table, deletechars="")
  • upper()
  • zfill (width)
  • isdecimal()


escape character

Following table is a list of escape or non-printable characters that can be represented with backslash notation. An escape character gets interpreted; in a single quoted as well as double quoted strings.

  • \a : Bell or alert
  • \b : Backspace
  • \e : Escape
  • \f : Formfeed
  • \n : Newline
  • \r : Carriage return
  • \s : Space
  • \t : Tab


String Special Operators

Assume string variable a holds 'Hello' and variable b holds 'Python', then −

+ : Concatenation - a + b will give HelloPython
* : Repetition - a*2 will give -HelloHello
a[1] : will give e
a[1:4] : will give ell
in : Membership - H in a will give 1
not in : Membership - M not in a will give 1
% : Format - Performs String formatting